The science of aero: Unlocking speed secrets of the world’s fastest cyclists
Every cyclist knows that reducing wind resistance is key in the quest for speed. With a focus on aerodynamics, riders can unlock their true potential and gain valuable seconds, whether on the open road or during a race. Here, we'll dive into the science of aerodynamics and explore how to perfect your cycling position for maximum speed gains.
Understanding aerodynamics
Aerodynamics is the study of how air flows around an object, and in the case of cycling, how it affects the resistance a cyclist faces while riding. By minimising resistance, cyclists can achieve higher speeds and greater efficiency. To comprehend the science of aero, it's important to understand three crucial factors:
Drag
Drag is the force that opposes the motion of an object through a fluid, in this case, the air. The goal is to reduce drag as much as possible to maximise speed. Drag can be categorised into two types: form drag and skin friction drag.
Form drag is caused by the shape and size of the cyclist and the bike. By adopting a streamlined position and minimising frontal area, you can reduce form drag. Lowering your body, bending your elbows, and tucking your knees are effective techniques for lessening frontal area and reducing form drag.
Skin friction drag is caused by the roughness of the surface facing the oncoming air. While skin friction drag is primarily influenced by bike components (discussed later in this article), maintaining a flat back helps reduce the surface area that faces the oncoming air, decreasing skin friction drag.
Body position
The position of your body on the bike greatly affects your aerodynamic profile. By adopting a streamlined position, you can minimise frontal area and reduce drag.
Bike components
Certain clothing and gadgets can enhance your aerodynamic advantage, making you even faster on the bike.
Optimising your cycling position
Lower your body: To reduce frontal area and form drag, lower your torso and bring your chest closer to the handlebars. This position allows the air to flow smoothly over your back and helps decrease drag. However, it's important to find a balance that will enable you to maintain comfort and power output.
Bend your elbows: Keeping your elbows bent helps narrow your upper body and reduces the frontal area that faces the oncoming air. This technique can have a significant impact on reducing drag and improving aerodynamics.
Tuck your knees: By bringing your knees inwards towards the top tube, you can further streamline your body, minimising turbulence and reducing drag. This technique is especially beneficial when riding in a more aggressive and aerodynamic position.
Flatten your Back: Maintaining a flat back reduces the surface area that faces the oncoming air, resulting in improved aerodynamics. However, finding the right balance between a flat back and comfort is crucial, as excessive spinal flexion may negatively impact power output.
Head position: Lowering your head and looking slightly downward can create a smoother airflow over your helmet, decreasing drag. However, it's essential to maintain proper visibility and be aware of your surroundings while riding in this position.
Clothing and gadgets for speed
Aero helmet: An aerodynamically designed helmet can significantly reduce drag and offer valuable speed gains. These helmets often feature a sleek profile, strategically placed vents, and a smooth surface to optimise airflow. Consider investing in a helmet specifically designed for aerodynamics.
Our top choices are the Giro Aerohead Mips Aero/Tri Cycling Helmet and the ABUS GameChanger Tri Bike Helmet.
Skin-suit: A skin-suit is a tight-fitting, one-piece garment that reduces wrinkles and flapping fabric, enhancing aerodynamics. It offers a streamlined profile by eliminating excess material and reducing air turbulence. Look for a skin-suit made from advanced fabrics that provide both aerodynamic benefits and comfort.
We love this affordable one for just £39.99 by SuduSudo.
Aero shoe covers: Aero shoe covers are designed to streamline the airflow around your feet, reducing drag and increasing efficiency. These covers often feature a smooth surface and a form-fitting design to limit disturbances in the airflow caused by shoes and cleats. Choose shoe covers made from lightweight and aerodynamic materials.
Our go-to aero shoe covers are these top-rated ones from GripGrab for just £23.81.
Aero handlebars: Upgrading to aerodynamic handlebars with internal cable routing can enhance your bike's aerodynamic profile. These handlebars are designed to reduce drag by providing a more streamlined shape and lessening exposed cables. Consult with a bike fitter to find the best aerodynamic handlebars for your specific riding needs.
You won’t go wrong with these best-selling aero handlebars by BBB.
Aero wheels: Deep-section carbon wheels slice through the air more efficiently, reducing drag and enhancing speed. These wheels are designed to offer improved aerodynamics by reducing airflow separation and minimising turbulence. Consider investing in a set of aero wheels to experience noticeable speed gains.
These carbon fibre Wind Break wheels will have you flying past seasoned cyclists on your next ride.
Unlocking the full potential of your cycling performance requires a deep understanding of aerodynamics and the willingness to tweak your position on the bike. By implementing the techniques outlined in this article and investing in aerodynamic clothing and gadgets, you can gain a competitive edge and maximise your speed. Remember, the pursuit of aerodynamic perfection is a continuous journey, and each small improvement can make a significant impact. So, embrace the science of aero, experiment, and let your speed soar to new heights.
Happy riding and may the wind be ever at your back!
